Have you wondered why do rabbits eat their babies? Rabbits are beautiful creatures with a gentle nature which makes them a popular pet for lovers of animals. One peculiar behaviour that rabbits exhibit which seems shocking and distressing is when a mother rabbit eats her own babies.
This behaviour is known as infanticide or cannibalism which is not common amongst rabbits but getting to know why this happens will help one understand its causes and help prevent it from happening. Let’s find out more than we move further.
What is Cannibalism in Rabbits?
Cannibalism in rabbits takes place within the first few days after the mother rabbit puts to birth. This happens when the mother eats all of her offspring or only some of them.
This behavior might seem unnatural and cruel but this serves as a means of survival in the wild for the rabbit.
While in the wild, they face several threats to their survival which includes predators and very limited resources.
When they eat their weak or unhealthy offspring, this conserves the energy of the mother rabbit which ensures her survival of her other offspring.
Also, cannibalism helps sustain the health and viability of the litter by helping to eliminate offspring that are less likely to survive or thrive.
Causes of Cannibalism in Pet Rabbits
Even though cannibalism is more common among wild rabbits, it can also occur in domesticated pet rabbits. There are several factors that may contribute to this behaviour by the rabbit. They include:
Stress
Stress triggers cannibalism in rabbits. There are several environmental stressors which also triggers this, they are overcrowding, loud noises, inadequate housing, or a sudden change in routine.
These factors can cause a mother rabbit to become agitated and anxious which leads to this cannibalistic behaviour.
Poor Health
If the mother rabbits feel or perceive that their babies are unhealthy or unfit, they may eat their babies.
The weak and sickly looking offspring are more likely to be a target for cannibalism as a way of keeping resources for the healthier litter members.
Inadequate Nutrition
When there is a lack of proper nutrition during pregnancy and lactation, this can compromise both the mother rabbit and her offspring.
This lack of nutrition, may result in underdeveloped and weak babies, thereby increasing the chances of cannibalism.
Lack of Maternal Instinct
Some rabbits might lack some motherly instincts which leads them viewing their offspring as burdens rather than a source of protection and care.
Here, the mother may find cannibalism as a way of alleviating her responsibilities.
Illness or Injury
When rabbits are in pain or discomfort because of illnesses, they show some abnormal behaviour which includes aggression and cannibalism.
It is important to monitor rabbits for any signs of illness so you get veterinary care when necessary.
Hormonal Factors
Hormonal changes in rabbits may cause them to exhibit aggressive behaviour and this happens especially during mating seasons. Neutering and spaying can help reduce such behaviour.
Genetics
This factor is less common but some rabbits may possess genetic traits of aggression or abnormal behaviour which includes cannibalism.
Lack of Socialization
When rabbits have not been socialized from a young age, they may exhibit aggressive behaviors like cannibalism when they are together with other rabbits.
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Prevention Strategies
When trying to prevent cannibalism in rabbits, it requires some proactive measures in order to address the causes and also create a supportive environment. The strategies to consider includes:
Provide Adequate Space
Ensure that there is enough space for the mother rabbit and her litter to move around comfortably. Overcrowding can make stress levels increase and can trigger cannibalism.
Minimize Stressors
Try to minimize loud noises, disruptions and sudden movements by creating a calm and quiet environment for the mother rabbit.
Avoid keeping the rabbit in a place that there is a lot of movement and where she feels exposed and vulnerable.
Maintain Proper Nutrition
Feed the mother rabbit with a balanced diet rich in fiber, vitamins and minerals to help support her health during lactation and pregnancy.
Make sure there is access to fresh water at all times and also include supplemental hay or greens as at when needed.
Monitor Health and Development
Observe closely on the health and development of the mother rabbit and her offspring. Promptly seek veterinary care if you observe any signs of illness or distress.
Handle With Care
Avoid carrying the newborn rabbits excessively, especially during the first few days after being born. Try to minimize disturbances to allow the mother rabbit to bond with her offspring and this also helps establish a sense of security.
Separate Aggressive Individuals
If you observe an aggressive behaviour from the mother rabbit or other litter members, you will have to consider separating them so they don’t harm the vulnerable ones.
Seek Professional Guidance
If cannibalism continues despite trying to prevent it, consult a veterinarian or someone who is experienced in rabbit breeding for assistance and guidance. They can help you with recommendations based on their expertise.
Cannibalism in rabbit can be difficult to watch but it is important to understand this behaviour and find ways to address the underlying causes so as to help curb or prevent cannibalism.